TOEFL

*Read the passage below. Take notes as you read.

Now listen to a lecture on the same topic. You may take notes during the lecture. You have 3 minutes to read the passage and take notes, then 20 minutes to write your response.

Passage:

The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, marked a significant turning point in human history. It brought about unprecedented economic, social, and technological changes. Factories emerged, powered by steam engines, leading to mass production and the growth of industrial cities.

Lecture:

In the lecture, the professor discusses the transformative impact of the Industrial Revolution on society. He emphasizes the shift from agrarian economies to industrialized ones and the consequences of this shift. The professor mentions the rise of the factory system, the expansion of the urban population, and the effects on traditional artisanal crafts.

Essay:

(主題の紹介 ):

The passage and the lecture both discuss the profound impact of the Industrial Revolution, a historical period that reshaped the fabric of human societies. While the passage provides a broad overview of the economic and technological changes, the lecture delves into the social consequences of this revolution.

(パッセージからの要点): 

According to the passage, the Industrial Revolution, initiated in the late 18th century, ushered in a new era characterized by significant economic, social, and technological advancements. Steam-powered factories emerged, marking a departure from agrarian economies and leading to mass production. The growth of industrial cities became a visible manifestation of this transformative period.

(講義からの要点 ):

The lecture, building upon the information in the passage, focuses on the societal shifts brought about by the Industrial Revolution. The professor highlights the move from agrarian lifestyles to industrialized urban centers. The rise of factories, fueled by steam engines, led to a surge in the urban population as people sought employment in these burgeoning industrial hubs. Additionally, the professor mentions the impact on traditional artisanal crafts, which faced challenges in the face of mass production.

(まとめ):

In summary, both the passage and the lecture provide insights into the multifaceted changes instigated by the Industrial Revolution. While the passage outlines the general advancements and emergence of industrial cities, the lecture enriches our understanding by emphasizing the societal transformations, including the shift to urban living and the challenges faced by traditional crafts. Together, they present a comprehensive picture of this pivotal historical period.

(* AI generated question)

主題の紹介

本題の紹介は、パッセージからの要点を説明し、講義からの要点を説明し、最終的にパッセージと講義の要点をまとめるものです。

パッセージからの要点

最初に、パッセージの要点を紹介します。パッセージは主題を広く概説し、鍵となる経済的および技術的変革に焦点を当てています。18世紀末に始まった産業革命は、蒸気エンジンによって動力化された工場の出現をもたらし、大量生産と工業都市の成長をもたらしました。

講義からの要点

次に、講義からの要点を紹介します。講義では、産業革命の社会にもたらす変革の影響に焦点を当てています。講師は農業経済から工業化された都市への転換と、この転換の結果について強調しています。講師は工場システムの台頭、都市人口の拡大、伝統的な職人の職業に及ぼす影響に触れています。

まとめ

最後に、要点の説明をまとめます。パッセージと講義は、産業革命による多岐にわたる変化についての洞察を提供しています。パッセージが一般的な進展と工業都市の出現を概説する一方で、講義は都市生活への移行や伝統的な職人が直面する課題など、社会の変革に焦点を当て、理解を豊かにしています。両者が協力して、この重要な歴史的時代の包括的な概要を提供しています。